6551 Midterm Study Guide

#1 Alcohol Abuse Among Women  The USPSTF (2014a) assigns a “B” recommendation to screening all adults age 18 and older (including pregnant women) for alcohol misuse; screening adolescents younger than age 18 has been assigned an “I statement”.  Most of all recent research regarding effects of alcohol has been conducted on males  Smaller amounts of alcohol is associated with more severe damage to a women  Alcohol consumption is considered hazardous for a women who has either more than seven drinks per week or more than three drinks per day.  Women who consume more than seven drinks per day are considered at risk for developing AUD  Alcohol misuse screening tools include the AUDIT or Abbreviated AUDIT-C instrument or asking single questions.  Ask patient, how many times in the past year have you had four or more drinks in a day? #2 Feminist Perspective  Feminist is a model of care that works with women as opposed to for women.  Uses heterogeneity as an assumption, not homogeneity.  Minimizes or exposes power imbalance.  Rejects androcentric models as normative  Challenges the medicalization and pathologizing of normal physiologic processes.  Seeks social and political change to address women’s health issues.  A feminist model supports egalitarian relationships and identifies the women as the expert on her own body.  The women is the center of this healthcare model  Acknowledges the broader context in which women live their lives and the subsequent challenges to their health as a result of living within a patriarchal society. #3 Cultural Perspectives of Women  Adolescents- Using a relational approach when providing care to adolescent females, which is how adolescent females often define themselves. By asking questions such as “Tell me about your friends or who you hang out with”.  Early adulthood- Women at this age are facing childbirth and contraceptive issues, intimate partner violence, substance abuse and stress.  Midlife- Clinicians providing care for women in midlife need to promote healthy sexual functioning and assess changes that may negatively impact desire.  Older women- Some women become isolated. Elderly women contend with ageism and sexism.  Problems faced by Mexican and Central American women include feeding their families, accessing formal health care.  Undocumented migrant women also face problems with obtaining assistance with food and health care due to the inability to seek assistance  Veterans have increased risk for having been sexually assaulted, have post-traumatic stress disorder and traumatic brain injury  People who are assigned female sex at birth are natal females, those who are assigned as males are considered natal males.  Transgender woman is a natal male who has a female gender identity.  A transgender man is a natal female who has a male gender identity  Cisgender refers to someone whose gender identity matches their natal sex  LBQ women and TGNC (Transgender and gender non-confirming) experience interpersonal and institutional discrimination.