Advanced Physiology and Pathophysiology Essentials for Clinical Practice 1st Edition Tkacs Test Bank

The characteristic, localized cardinal signs of acute inflammation include: fever. fatigue. redness. granuloma. 2. The vascular, hemodynamic stage of acute inflammation is initiated by momentary vasoconstriction followed by vasodilation that causes localized: bleeding. congestion. pale skin. coolness. 3. The cellular stage of acute inflammation is marked by the movement of leukocytes into the area. Which of the following cells arrives early in great numbers? Basophils Lymphocytes Neutrophils Platelets 4. The phagocytosis process involves three distinct steps. What is the initial step in the process? Engulfment Intracellular killing Antigen margination Recognition and adherence Which of the following mediators of inflammation causes increased capillary permeability and pain? Serotonin Histamine Bradykinin Nitric oxide Inflammatory exudates are a combination of several types. Which of the following exudates is composed of enmeshed necrotic cells? Serous Fibrinous Suppurative Membranous The acute-phase systemic response usually begins within hours of the onset of inflammation and includes: fever and lethargy. decreased C-reactive protein. positive nitrogen balance. low erythrocyte sedimentation rate. In contrast to acute inflammation, chronic inflammation is characterized by which of the following phenomena? Profuse fibrinous exudation A shift to the left of granulocytes Metabolic and respiratory alkalosis Lymphocytosis and activated macrophages In contrast to acute inflammation, chronic inflammation is characterized by which of the following phenomena? Profuse fibrinous exudation A shift to the left of granulocytes Metabolic and respiratory alkalosis Lymphocytosis and activated macrophages Exogenous pyrogens (interleukin-1) and the presence of bacteria in the blood lead to the release of endogenous pyrogens that: stabilize thermal control in the brain. produce leukocytosis and anorexia. block viral replication in cells. inhibit prostaglandin release.