ATI Nursing care of child – compete study guide

Chapter 1 – family-centered nursing care      Chapter   Family o Defined as what an individual considers it to be Family-centered nursing care o Agreed – upon partnerships between families of children, nurses, and children benefit o Respecting culture diversity and incorporating cultural views in the plan of care o Understanding growth and developmental needs of children and their families o Treating children and their families as client o Working with all type of families o Collaborating with families regarding hospitalization, home, and community resources o Allowing families to serve as experts regarding their children’s health conditions, usual behaviors in different situations, and routine needs o Nurse should include that the developmental theory defines consistencies in how families change Nursing consideration of promoting family-centered care o Nurses should pay close attention when family members state that a child “isn’t acting right” or has other concerns o Children’s opinions should be considered when providing care Identifying community resources for a single mother o One parent responsible for care of children o May result from death, divorce, desertion, birth outside marriage or adoption o Likely to encounter several challenges because of economic, social, and personal restraints; one person as homemaker, caregiver and financial provider Parenting styles o Dictatorial or Authoritarian  Parents try to control the child’s behaviors and attitudes through unquestioned ruled and expectations o Permissive  Parents exert little or no control over the child’s behaviors, and consult the child when making decisions o Democratic or Authorities  Parents direct the child’s behavior by setting rules and explaining the reason for each rule setting o Passive  Parents are uninvolved, indifferent and emotionally removed 2 – physical assessment findings Assessment of the head and neck of an infants o Posterior fontanel closes by 6 to 8 weeks o Anterior fontanel closes by 12 to 18 months o Head circumference  Increase 2 cm each month for first 2 months  Then 2 cm for 4 to 6 months  0.5 cm for next 6 months Assessment findings of abdomen o Without tenderness, no guarding. Peristaltic waves may be visible in thinner children o Shape symmetric and without protrusions around the umbilicus o Infants and toddlers have rounded abdomens o Children and adolescents should have flat abdomen o Bowel sounds should be heard q5-30 seconds o Descending colon: cylindric mass that is possibly palpable in the lower left quadrant due to the presence of stool Reportable vital sign o Temperature: 36.6 – 37.5 C o Pulse  Newborn: 80 – 180  1 week to 3 months: 80– 220  3 months to 2 years: 70 - 150  2 ears to 10 years: 60 – 110  10+ years: 50 – 90 o Respiration