BIO 246 EXAM 1 REVIEW

CHAPTER 1 1. What is the limit resolution of the human eye? a. 0.2 mm b. 200 μm c. 200,000 nm 2. What did the following individuals contribute to microbiology and/or disease theory? a. PASTEUR→ Biogenesis, Swan-neck flask, diseases of beer b. SEMMELWEIS→ HANDWASHING c. JENNER→ Smallpox vaccine (first vaccine) d. KOCH→ Germ theory, Koch’s postulates, etiologic agent of disease (bacteria→anthrax) e. LEEUWENHOEK→ ANIMALCULES(saw first microbes), inventor of early microscope 3. Explain Koch’s germ theory of disease. →Disease is caused by a microbe of some sort; etiologic agent= pathogen, when people contract pathogens, they get sick 4. Who discovered the first antibiotic and what was it? →Alexander Fleming; penicillin 5. What event is thought to have led to the development of the first cells (prokaryotic cells)? →Availability of liquid water 6. What important development allowed eukaryotic cells to evolve from prokaryotic cells? →Ability to harness the sun’s energy for a food source: PHOTOSYNTHESIS 7. Draw the three domains/“tree of life” diagram. Which domains are prokaryotic? →Domains Bacteria & Archaea are prokaryotic