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Clinical Practice Guidelines Hypertension NR 511 Differential Diagnosis and Primary Care 19 June 2019

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Pathophysiology • Hypertension is considered the condition when the blood flows through the blood vessels with a force greater than normal. • Hypertension can strain the heart, damage blood vessels, and increase your risk of heart attack, stroke, kidney disease, and death. • Hypertension is caused by increases in cardiac output or total peripheral resistance, or both. There is many factors affecting cardiac output and peripheral resistance which include genetics and physiologic mechanisms. • Cardiac output is increased by any condition that increases heart rate or stroke volume, whereas peripheral resistance is increased by any factor that increases blood viscosity or reduces vessel diameter.