Epidemiological Applications(Chapter 09) Foundations for Population Health in Community Public Health Nursing 5th Edition Stanhope Test Bank

MULTIPLE CHOICE 1.A nurse is using analytic epidemiology when conducting a research project. Which of the following projects is the nurse most likely completing? a. Reviewing communicable disease statistics b. Determining factors contributing to childhood obesity c. Analyzing locations where family violence is increasing d. Documenting population characteristics for healthy older citizens ANS: B Epidemiology refers not only to infectious epidemics but also to other health-related events. Analytic epidemiology looks at the etiology (origins or causes) of disease. It discusses the disease in terms of how and why. Descriptive epidemiology considers health outcomes in terms of what, who, where, and when. It discusses a disease in terms of person, place, and time. 2.A nurse is employed as a nurse epidemiologist. Which of the following activities would most likely be completed by the nurse? a. Eliciting the health history of a client presenting with an illness b. Evaluating the number of clients presenting with similar diseases c. Performing a physical examination of an ill client d. Providing treatment and N health R education I G B.C to a client M with a disease U S N T O ANS: B Epidemiology monitors the health of the population. Epidemiology differs from clinical medicine, which focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of disease in individuals. 3.Which of the following actions by Florence Nightingale demonstrates her role as an epidemiologist? a. She convinced other women to join her in giving nursing care to all the soldiers. b. She demonstrated that a safer environment resulted in decreased mortality rate. c. She obtained safe water and better food supplies and fought the lice and rats. d. She met with each soldier each evening to say goodnight, thereby giving psychological support. ANS: B Nightingale examined the relationship between the environment and the recovery of the soldiers. Using simple epidemiological measures, she was able to show that improving environmental conditions and adding nursing care decreased the mortality rates of the soldiers. Nightingale used statistics to document decreased mortality rates when the environmental factors were improved. Asking other women to assist with providing nursing care, obtaining safe water, and meeting with each soldier are not interventions that demonstrate the use of epidemiology (the relationship between the health events and th determinants or factors that influence those patterns).