Obstructive Lung Disease: COPD, Asthma, and Related Diseases (Chapter 23) Test Bank

MULTIPLE CHOICE 1.Which of the following is NOT typically found in a patient with COPD? a. airway inflammation b. at least partially reversible airway obstruction c. progressive airway obstruction d. restrictive disease ANS: D Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a preventable and treatable disease state characterized by airflow limitation that is not fully reversible. The airflow limitation is usually progressive and is associated with an abnormal inflammatory response of the lungs to noxious particles or gases, primarily caused by cigarette smoking. DIF: Recall REF: p. 526 OBJ: 1 2. Emphysema is defined as: a. b. c. d. chronic productive cough conducting airway enlargement destruction of alveolar walls without fibrosis hemoptysis associated with productive cough and alveolar- capillary membrane destruction ANS: C Emphysema is defined in anatomical terms as a condition characterized by abnormal, permanent enlargement of the airspaces beyond the terminal bronchiole, accompanied by destruction of the walls of the airspaces without fibrosis. DIF: Recall REF: p. 526 OBJ: 1 3. Which complaint is most closely associated with the diagnosis of chronic bronchitis? a. airway enlargement b. chronic productive cough c. dyspnea on exertion d. hemoptysis ANS: B Chronic bronchitis is defined in clinical terms as a condition in which chronic productive cough is present for at least 3 months per year for at least 2 consecutive years. DIF: Recall REF: p. 526 OBJ: 1 4. Approximately how many Americans are affected by COPD? a. 8 million b. 16 million c. 24 million d. 32 million ANS: C COPD is common, with recent estimates suggesting that 24 million Americans are affected. It is the third leading cause of death in the US, responsible for 145,075 deaths in 2008. DIF: Recall REF: p. 527 OBJ: 2 5. The mechanisms of airway obstruction in COPD include all of the following, except: a. airway remodeling b. inflammation and obstruction of small AW c. loss of elasticity d. active bronchospasm ANS: A The mechanisms of airflow obstruction in COPD include inflammation and obstruction of small airways (less than 2 mm in diameter); loss of elasticity, which keeps small airways open when elastin is destroyed in emphysema; and active bronchospasm. DIF: Recall REF: p. 528 OBJ: 1 6. Where does COPD rank among the leading causes of death in the United States? a. first b. second c. third d. fourth ANS: C COPD is now the third leading cause of death in the United States. DIF: Recall REF: p. 527 OBJ: 2