RENR questions. and answers (all correct)

Answers at the bottom 1. A client with a renal failure is prescribed a low potassium diet. Which food choice would be best for this client? ❍ A. 1 cup beef broth ❍ B. 1 baked potato with the skin ❍ C. 1/2 cup raisins ❍D.1cuprice 2. An appropriate nursing intervention for the client with borderline personality disorder is: ❍ A. Observing the client for signs of depression or suicidal thinking ❍ B. Allowing the client to lead unit group sessions ❍ C. Restricting the client’s activity to the assigned unit of care throughout hospitalization ❍ D. Allowing the client to select a primary caregiver 3. Which of the following is an expected finding in the assessment of a client with bulimia nervosa? ❍ A. Extreme weight loss ❍ B. Presence of lanugo over body ❍ C. Erosion of tooth enamel ❍ D. Muscle wasting 4. Assuming that all have achieved normal cognitive and emotional development, which of the following children is at greatest risk for accidental poisoning? ❍ A. One-year-old ❍ B. Four-year-old ❍ C. Eight-year-old ❍ D. Twelve-year-old Quick Answer: 58 Detailed Answer: 61 Quick Answer: 58 Detailed Answer: 61 Quick Answer: 58 Detailed Answer: 61 Quick Answer: 58 Detailed Answer: 61 Qui✓ck Check 6 Chapter 1 5. Which term describes the play activity of the preschool aged child? ❍ A. Cooperative ❍ B. Associative ❍ C. Parallel ❍ D. Solitary 6. The nurse is ready to begin an exam on a nine-month-old infant who is sitting quietly on his mother’s lap. Which should the nurse do first? ❍ A. Check the Babinski reflex ❍ B. Listen to the heart and lung sounds ❍ C. Palpate the abdomen ❍ D. Check tympanic membranes 7. In terms of cognitive development, a three-year-old would be expected to: ❍ A. Think abstractly ❍ B. Use magical thinking ❍ C. Understand conservation of matter ❍ D. See things from the perspective of others 8. Which of the following describes the language development of a two-year-old? ❍ A. Doesn’t understand yes and no ❍ B. Understands the meaning of all words ❍ C. Can combine three or four words ❍ D. Repeatedly asks “why?” 9. A client who has been receiving Urokinase (uPA) for deep vein thrombosis is noted to have dark brown urine in the urine collection bag. Which action should the nurse take immediately? ❍ A. Prepare an injection of vitamin K ❍ B. Irrigate the urinary catheter with 50 mL of normal saline ❍ C. Offer the client additional oral fluids ❍ D. Withhold the medication and notify the physician Qui✓ck Check Quick Answer: 58 Detailed Answer: 61 Quick Answer: 58 Detailed Answer: 61 Quick Answer: 58 Detailed Answer: 61 Quick Answer: 58 Detailed Answer: 61 Quick Answer: 58 Detailed Answer: 61 Practice Exam 1 and Rationales 7 10. Which of the following can occur with the frequent use of calciumbased antacids? ❍ A. Constipation ❍ B. Hyperperistalsis ❍ C. Delayed gastric emptying ❍ D. Diarrhea 11. Which statement made by the student nurse indicates the need for further teaching regarding the administration of heparin? ❍ A. “I will administer the medication 1–2 inches away from the umbilicus.” ❍ B. “I will not massage the injection site after administering the heparin.” ❍ C. “I will check the PTT before administering the heparin.” ❍ D. “I will need to gently aspirate when I give the heparin.” 12. To correctly assess the oxygen saturation level of an adult client, the pulse oximeter should not be placed on the: ❍ A. Finger ❍ B. Earlobe ❍ C. Extremity with noninvasive BP cuff ❍ D. Nose 13. While caring for an elderly patient with hypertension, the nurse notes the following vital signs: BP of 140/40, pulse 120, respirations 36. The nurse’s initial action should be to: ❍ A. Report the findings to the physician ❍ B. Recheck the vital signs in one hour ❍ C. Ask the patient if he is in pain ❍ D. Compare the current vital signs with those on admission 14. The nurse is preparing a client with an axillopopliteal bypass graft for discharge. The client should be taught to avoid: ❍ A. Using a recliner to rest ❍ B. Resting in supine position ❍ C. Sitting in a straight chair ❍ D. Sleeping in right Sim’s position Qui✓ck Check Quick Answer: 58 Detailed Answer: 62 Quick Answer: 58 Detailed Answer: 62 Quick Answer: 58 Detailed Answer: 62 Quick Answer: 58 Detailed Answer: 62 Quick Answer: 58 Detailed Answer: 62 8 Chapter 1 15. The doctor has ordered antithrombotic stockings to be applied to the legs of a client with peripheral vascular disease. The nurse knows antithrombotic stockings should be applied: ❍ A. Before the client arises in the morning ❍ B. With the client in a standing position ❍ C. After the client has bathed and applied lotion to the legs ❍ D. Before the client retires in the evening 16. The nurse has just received the change of shift report and is preparing to make rounds. Which client should the nurse assess first? ❍ A. A client recovering from a stroke with an oxygen saturation rate of 99% ❍ B. A client three days post-coronary artery bypass graft with an oral temperature of 100.2oF ❍ C. A client admitted one hour ago with rales and shortness of breath ❍ D. A client being prepared for discharge following a right colectomy 17. A client with a femoral popliteal bypass graft is assigned to a semiprivate room. The most suitable roommate for this client is the client with: ❍ A. Hypothyroidism ❍ B. Diabetic ulcers ❍ C. Gastroenteritis ❍ D. Bacterial pneumonia 18. The nurse is teaching the client regarding use of sodium warfarin. Which statement made by the client would require further teaching? ❍ A. “I will have blood drawn every month.” ❍ B. “I will assess my skin for a rash.” ❍ C. “I take aspirin for a headache.” ❍ D. “I will use an electric razor to shave.” 19. The client returns to the recovery room following repair of an abdominal aneurysm. Which finding would require further investigation? ❍ A. Pedal pulses regular ❍ B. Urinary output 20mL in the past hour ❍ C. Blood pressure 108/50 ❍ D. Oxygen saturation 97% Qui✓ck Check Quick Answer: 58 Detailed Answer: 62 Quick Answer: 58 Detailed Answer: 62 Quick Answer: 58 Detailed Answer: 62 Quick Answer: 58 Detailed Answer: 62 Quick Answer: 58 Detailed Answer: 63 Practice Exam 1 and Rationales 9 20. The nurse is doing bowel and bladder retraining for the client with paraplegia. Which of the following is not a factor for the nurse to consider? ❍ A. Diet pattern ❍ B. Mobility ❍ C. Fluid intake ❍ D. Sexual function 21. Which one of the following statements is correct when measuring the client for crutches? ❍ A. A distance of five fingerbreadths should exist between the top of the crutch and the axilla. ❍ B. The nurse should measure three inches between the top of the crutch and the axilla. ❍ C. The client’s elbows should be flexed at a 10o angle. ❍ D. The crutches should be extended 8 to 10 inches from the side of the foot. 22. The nurse is caring for a client following a cerebral vascular accident. Which portion of the brain is responsible for changes in the client’s vision? ❍ A. Temporal lobe ❍ B. Frontal lobe ❍ C. Occipital lobe ❍ D. Parietal lobe 23. A client with a hemorrhagic stroke has a temperature of 103oF. Efforts to reduce the temperature have not been effective. The most likely explanation for the elevated temperature is that damage has occurred to the: ❍ A. Hypothalamus ❍ B. Pituitary ❍ C. Carotid baroreceptors ❍ D. Frontal lobe Qui✓ck Check Quick Answer: 58 Detailed Answer: 63 Quick Answer: 58 Detailed Answer: 63 Quick Answer: 58 Detailed Answer: 63 Quick Answer: 58 Detailed Answer: 63 10 Chapter 1 24. A client is admitted to the hospital in chronic renal failure. A low protein diet is ordered. The rationale for a low protein diet is that: ❍ A. A low protein diet helps reduce blood urea nitrogen and other wastes excreted by the kidneys. ❍ B. A low protein diet increases the sodium and potassium levels. ❍ C. A low protein diet increases albumin production. ❍ D. A low protein diet increases the calcium and phosphorous levels. 25. The nurse has an order for the administration of intravenous heparin. The medication should be administered using a/an: ❍ A. Metered chamber ❍ B. Infusion controller ❍ C. Intravenous filter ❍ D. Three-way stopcock 26. When assessing the client’s blood pressure, the nurse should use a cuff with a width that is ____% of the circumference of the extremity. (Fill in the blank.) ❍A.40 ❍B.30 ❍C.20 ❍D.10 27. Which diet would the nurse expect to see ordered for a patient with nephrotic syndrome? ❍ A. Low carbohydrate potassium ❍ B. Moderate protein ❍ C. Low calcium ❍ D. Increased potassium 28. A client with an abdominal aortic aneurysm is admitted in preparation for surgery. Which finding should be reported to the doctor? ❍ A. A WBC of 14,000 cu.mm ❍ B. Auscultation of abdominal bruit ❍ C. Complaints of lower back pain ❍ D. A platelet count of 175,000 cu.mm Qui✓ck Check Quick Answer: 58 Detailed Answer: 63 Quick Answer: 58 Detailed Answer: 63 Quick Answer: 58 Detailed Answer: 63 Quick Answer: 58 Detailed Answer: 63 Quick Answer: 58 Detailed Answer: 63 Practice Exam 1 and Rationales 11 29. When assessing deep tendon reflexes, the nurse grades the client’s patellar reflex as a 3+. This reading indicates that the assessed reflex is: ❍ A. Stronger than normal ❍ B. Hypoactive ❍ C. Normal ❍ D. Hyperactive 30. The physician has ordered atropine sulfate 0.4milligrams IM before surgery. The medication is supplied in 0.8 milligrams per milliliter. How much medication should the nurse prepare to administer? ❍ A. 0.25mL ❍ B. 0.5mL ❍ C. 1.0mL ❍ D. 1.25mL 31. The nurse is evaluating the client’s pulmonary artery pressure (PAP). The nurse is aware that PAP evaluates: ❍ A. Pressure in the left ventricle ❍ B. Systolic, diastolic, and mean pressure in the pulmonary artery ❍ C. Pressure in the pulmonary veins ❍ D. Pressure in the right ventricle 32. A client is being monitored using a central venous pressure monitor. If the CVP is 1 cm of water, the nurse should: ❍ A. Notify the physician immediately ❍ B. Slow the intravenous infusion ❍ C. Auscultate the lungs for rales ❍ D. Administer a diuretic 33. The nurse identifies ventricular tachycardia on the cardiac monitor. The patient has a pulse rate of 160 with a regular rhythm. The nurse should give priority to: ❍ A. Administering atropine sulfate ❍ B. Requesting a stat potassium level ❍ C. Administering amiodarone ❍ D. Defibrillating at 360 joules Qui✓ck Check Quick Answer: 58 Detailed Answer: 64 Quick Answer: 58 Detailed Answer: 64 Quick Answer: 58 Detailed Answer: 64 Quick Answer: 58 Detailed Answer: 64 Quick Answer: 58 Detailed Answer: 64 12 Chapter 1 34. In preparation for the removal of the client’s chest tubes, the nurse should instruct the client to: ❍ A. Breathe normally ❍ B. Hold his breath and bear down ❍ C. Take deep breaths ❍ D. Take shallow breaths 35. An elderly patient has been taking 80mg of furosemide (Lasix) bid. The nurse notes that the patient’s most recent potassium level is 2.5mEq/L. The nurse should: ❍ A. Continue the medication as ordered ❍ B. Administer the morning dose only ❍ C. Give the medication with orange juice ❍ D. Withhold the medication and notify the physician 36. Which one of the following lab tests should be done periodically if the client is being maintained on warfarin sodium (Coumadin)? ❍ A. Platelet count ❍ B. White blood cell count ❍ C. Neutrophil count ❍ D. Basophil count 37. Which statement is true regarding therapy with Levemir (insulin detemir)? ❍ A. The onset is 1–2 hours. ❍ B. It may be mixed with regular insulin. ❍ C. It peaks in 2–3 hours. ❍ D. The duration is 24 hours. 38. A client with AIDS tells the nurse that he has been using herbal supplements in addition to the regimen of drugs prescribed by the physician. The nurse should tell the client that: ❍ A. Most herbals are well suited to use with prescription medications. ❍ B. He should buy only FDA-approved herbal supplements for use. ❍ C. The use of herbals may alter the effect of the medication he is taking. ❍ D. The herbal supplements should be taken at the same time as his medication. Qui✓ck Check Quick Answer: 58 Detailed Answer: 64 Quick Answer: 58 Detailed Answer: 64 Quick Answer: 58 Detailed Answer: 64 Quick Answer: 58 Detailed Answer: 64 Quick Answer: 58 Detailed Answer: 64 Practice Exam 1 and Rationales 13 39. The nurse is assessing the vital signs of a client with pancreatic cancer. In addition to routine vital signs, the nurse assesses the fifth vital sign of: ❍ A. Anorexia ❍ B. Pain ❍ C. Insomnia ❍ D. Fatigue 40. The physician has prescribed Oxycontin (oxycodone) for a client following an exploratory laparotomy. Which of the following is an adverse effect associated with the medication? ❍ A. Pulmonary edema ❍ B. Increased blood pressure ❍ C. Nervousness ❍ D. Rapid pulse 41. A patient with a PCA pump (patient controlled analgesia) asks the