Test Bank Medical-Surgical Nursing- Concepts & Practice

1. The nurse uses a diagram to demonstrate how in dehydration the water is drawn into the plasma from the cells by which process? a. Distillation b. Diffusion c. Filtration d. Osmosis 2. The nurse assessing a patient with vomiting and diarrhea observes that the urine is scant and concentrated. Which controlling factor is responsible for compensatory reabsorption of water? a. Osmoreceptors in the hypothalamus b. Antidiuretic hormone in the posterior pituitary c. Baroreceptors in the carotid sinus d. Insulin from the pancreas 3. The nurse uses a picture to show how ions equalize their concentration by which passive transport process? a. Osmosis b. Filtration c. Titration d. Diffusion 4. Which term describes the active transport process that moves sodium and potassium into or out of cells? a. Filtration b. Sodium pump c. Diffusion d. Osmosis 5. The patient taking furosemide (Lasix) to correct excess edema shows a weight loss of 5.5 pounds in 24 hours. The nurse calculates that this weight loss is equivalent to how many liters (L) of fluid? a. 1 L b. 1.5 L c. 2.0 L d. 2.5 L 6. The nurse is caring for a patient with a potassium level of 2.9 mEq/L. The nurse should carefully monitor the patient for which potential problem? a. Excessive urinary output b. Abdominal distention c. Increased reflexes d. Hyperactive bowel sounds 7. While the nurse is washing the face of a patient in renal failure, the patient demonstrates a spasm of the lips and face. Which laboratory value corresponds with the nurse’s assessment findings? a. Potassium of 3.4 mEq/L b. Calcium of 7.9 mg/dL c. Sodium of 140 mEq/L d. Phosphorus of 2.8 mg/dL